Which of the following is a structural cause of AUB?

• A. Polyps
• B. Coagulopathy
• C. Ovulatory dysfunction
• D. Not yet classified

Answer: (A)

AUB is split into structural and non-structural causes. Structural causes are physical lesions in the uterus that can directly lead to bleeding, such as polyps, fibroids, adenomyosis, or endometrial cancer/hyperplasia. Polyps are localized, benign growths of the endometrium (or cervix) that create irregular or heavy bleeding because their surface vessels are prone to friability and the lesion can disrupt normal shedding. Because polyps are actual physical structures, they fit the structural category.

In contrast, coagulopathy involves a systemic bleeding tendency rather than a discrete uterine lesion, ovulatory dysfunction causes irregular shedding due to hormonal irregularities rather than a lesion, and “not yet classified” is a placeholder category. Therefore, polyps are the correct structural cause of AUB.